First report of infants of diabetic mothers frequency in Afghanistan

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease. It affects about
0.5 – 5% of all pregnancies, diabetes during pregnancy divided in tow pre
gestational diabetes and gestational diabetes. 81% cases were gestational
diabetes and 19% cases were pre gestational diabetes.

Goals: the purpose of the present study was to evaluate complication of
IDM(infants of diabetic mothers) in Afghanistan.

Methods: we conducted descriptive hospital based study in IGICH(Indira
Gandhi institute of child Health) during one year from june 2017 to may
2018 to assess the outcome in IDMs and association of various
complication to glycemic status of mothers.

Result: 5912 patient hospitalized in neonatal department that 59 patient
was Infant of diabetic mothers. These 59 patient were descriptively
studied, 63% were boys and 37% were girls, among them hypoglycemia
was the most commonly observed complication with frequency 60%
followed by macrosomia (50%), other complications were prematurity,
hypocalcemia, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress,
birth asphyxia and neonatal seizure.

Conclusions: high frequency of complication is seen in infants born to
diabetic mothers. Strict glycemic control in mother and proper monitoring
in babies is required to prevent morbidity and mortality in infants of
diabetic mothers.