Ehsan Shayan*, Basira Bek**, Ghulam Haider Jamalzada**
Abstract
Background: Renal transplantation has become a crucial treatment for end-stage
renal disease (ESRD), significantly improving patient quality of life and
longevity. Initially confined to high-income countries, it has expanded to
include developing regions like Afghanistan, where access remains limited. In
Afghanistan, barriers such as economic constraints, cultural and religious
stigmas, and a shortage of healthcare professionals pose significant
challenges. Political instability further complicates the ability to deliver
and access this life-saving treatment, creating a complex landscape for
patients and healthcare Objective.
Methodology: This
review explores the challenges and opportunities surrounding renal
transplantation in Afghanistan through a qualitative approach. A comprehensive
literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed articles, health
organization reports, and governmental documents. Interviews and surveys from
health organizations provided additional insights into patient experiences and
healthcare provider challenges. Data validation was achieved by
cross-referencing findings from multiple sources, presenting a balanced view of
the current state of renal transplantation in Afghanistan.
Findings: Renal transplantation in
Afghanistan faces significant challenges, including high costs, cultural and
religious stigmas, a severe shortage of trained healthcare professionals, and
inadequate infrastructure. Political instability disrupts the supply chain for
essential medical resources, exacerbating these issues. Addressing these
challenges requires a coordinated effort to improve access, promote cultural
awareness, and ensure affordable healthcare services, supported by
international cooperation.
Conclusion: Improving
renal transplantation in Afghanistan necessitates overcoming economic,
cultural, and healthcare workforce barriers. Strengthening healthcare
infrastructure, ensuring affordable access to post-transplant medications, and
fostering international cooperation are crucial steps. Addressing these
challenges could significantly improve patient outcomes, providing hope for
those suffering from ESRD and contributing to a more equitable healthcare
system in the region.
Keywords: Renal transplantation, ESRD, healthcare
access, cultural barriers, economic barriers, Afghanistan, organ donation